Monday, October 8, 2012

I'm Not a Mother First

Love this piece by Jessica Valenti on the harm of the ?I?m a MOM FIRST!? rhetoric:

What makes this ?moms first? identification so insidious is that for parents, motherhood is a tremendous part of who we are. We love our kids more than anything and our relationships with them are our most treasured. Declaring that loudly and proudly seems like a given. And for those who have been historically undervalued as parents?women of color, in particular?seeing women like Michelle Obama calling attention to her motherhood can be a powerful moment.

But still, identifying as a mom first in a culture that pays lip service to parenthood without actually supporting it has consequences. It means that women are expected to be everything?and give up anything?for their children. Whatever women do that seems to separate them from ?true? motherhood is seen as misguided, or at worst, selfish. If we formula-feed we?re not giving our babies the best start in life. If we work outside the home, we must do it with tremendous guilt and anxiety. Time away from our children in the form of an occasional movie or hobby is seen as a treat rather than an expected part of living a full life.

Accepting this role without argument or critique also reinforces political inequity, assuring the powers that be that women can be satiated with political table scraps. If raising children is ?reward enough,? there?s no need for paid parental leave or subsidized child care. ?Fulfillment? becomes a stand in for structural support, parental joy for actual change.

Even the attempted rollbacks of women?s reproductive rights?from debates over contraception to legislation that seeks to grant fetuses ?personhood??are linked to the cult of motherhood.

The whole thing is quite excellent and you should read it. Jessica is clear that she?s not saying women shouldn?t identify as moms; just that putting ?mom? before everything else is not great, any more than putting ?wife? or another relationship would be. She gets to the heart of the problem here:

It?s understandable that some women would embrace motherhood as their primary and most important identity. When you have little power, you take it where you can. Trumpeting the supremacy of motherhood and domesticity is instant access to cultural approval. But the veneer of importance is not power. How can any American mother truly believe that her work is valued when every policy, every mocking magazine cover, every pat-on-the-head Mother?s Day sentiment tells them different?

The ?motherhood is the most important job in the world? line only works because we clearly don?t value or support motherhood beyond platitudes. It?s condescending head-patting. I suspect most mothers would rather have things like maternity leave and affordable childcare.

After all, this is not the first time American women have been down this road. ?Republican motherhood??a term coined to describe women?s roles around the American Revolution?encouraged women to be part of the political process by raising good citizens. Do we really want to go back to a time where women?s most important political contributions are caring for the children who will go on to make the real decisions, have the real power?

To clarify Jessica?s point: They aren?t caring for the children who will go on to make real decisions and have the real power. They?re caring for the children, but the downside to modeling ?I?m a mom first and that?s the most important thing in the world!? is that it?s the boys who will go on to make the real decisions and have the real power. That isn?t to say that stay-at-home moms, as individuals, are making a bad choice. It is to say that a culture where 99% of stay-at-home parents are women, where women are still largely assumed to be in charge of childcare, and where everyone from the president of the United States on down emphasizes that the most valuable place a woman can be is in the home is not a good culture for raising powerful girls. It is a culture where, duh, girls are going to internalize the idea that their most important role is caring for someone else ? not learning, not pursuing an intellectually fulfilling career, but making sure that someone else?s needs are always met before their own. Boys, on the flip side, will understand that women exist to care for them and for their future children so that they can go do whatever it is that drives them.

Do I think that care-taking and parenthood is valuable and important? Yes, of course. But I?d certainly like it a lot more if we actually valued parenting instead of just talking about how much we value mothering. And I?m not sure why we say that the true value in mothering is raising the next generation. Obviously that?s what parents do. But? why is it The Most Valuable Thing to raise the next generation if the most valuable thing that generation can do is raise the next generation and so on and so on? Of course raising the next generation well is valuable ? incredibly valuable. But the most valuable thing? That model is a hamster wheel. At what point is it valuable (I?d argue even more valuable) to contribute something else to society? At what point do we get to say to women, ?Actually, your contributions to science or art or literature or politics are more important than raising the next generation?? Because if raising the next generation were really all that mattered, we could basically go live in caves and reproduce for all of eternity and call it a day.

But human beings typically want something else. We crave knowledge and development and impact. We want better, more efficient societies. We want institutions that help us to organize ourselves and our lives. We want art that expands our imaginations and pushes our boundaries and takes us to new places. We want to create things; we want to benefit from what?s created. There are many things that motivate us. I want to see women able to fully partake a whole range of them. And ?I?m a mom first? doesn?t allow that, from women themselves and from the girls who are growing up seeing a ?I?m a mom first? model.

Source: http://www.feministe.us/blog/archives/2012/10/08/im-not-a-mother-first/

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Tuesday, October 2, 2012

Business Ethics & Human Rights | CSR International

Business Ethics & Human Rights

Featured In

Governance Research Digest ? September 2012

Summary

An IBE Briefing explores the link between business ethics and human rights with a brief overview of the current business and human rights landscape. It also looks at how businesses seek to respect human rights and avoid human rights violations in their business operations and relationships.

Key Findings

  • Attention to human rights has been shown to have a positive impact on business performance through improved stakeholder relations, positive corporate reputation and brand image, and employee motivation and retention.
  • ?Doing business ethically? necessarily involves respecting human rights in the course of business operations.
  • A company that is wishing to be considered as ethical will need to be mindful of human rights within the responsibilities of business and consistent with local law.
  • Although respecting human rights can be considered integral to a business ethics agenda, IBE research (2012) found that only half of FTSE100 companies (52%) explicitly consider human rights in their code of ethics in some way.
  • The positive and negative duties to protect human rights are still firmly with national governments.
  • However, trends such as globalisation and the increasing presence of multinational corporations, pressures from NGOs, and reputation risk management, has meant there are increasing expectations of business in respecting human rights.
  • The Briefing explores how companies are responding to this and the mechanisms they are using to express commitment and avoid human rights violations.

Author(s)

Institute of Business Ethics

Source

PDF report

Tags: ethics, human ri, Institute of Business Ethics

Source: http://www.csrinternational.org/2012/09/30/business-ethics-human-rights/

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Sailors await resolution in prostitution scandal

WASHINGTON (AP) ? Six months after members of the U.S. military and the Secret Service were embroiled in a prostitution scandal in Colombia, two Navy sailors have been stripped of their security clearances and pulled off their regular jobs, but they have yet to be charged.

U.S. Southern Command says the investigation surrounding the two sailors is still going on, but a lawyer for one of the sailors says it shouldn't take this long to reach a decision. Charges were read against all the other military members allegedly involved two months ago.

The lawyer is arguing that the sailor, David Hawley, was not around at the time that Secret Service and other members of the U.S. military were supposedly soliciting prostitutes in Cartagena. Instead, Hawley, says he was in a different hotel and is complaining that he is being punished and denied a promotion without ever being charged.

"This is not a complex case that requires months and month of investigation," Hawley's lawyer, Jeremiah Sullivan, told The Associated Press Monday.

Sullivan said that Hawley, a decorated Navy petty officer from Detroit, wants to return to the battlefield and "should not be picking weeds at his command. His immediate chain of command will put him back to work, but are caught up in the political red tape."

Of the dozen military members initially implicated, seven Army soldiers and two Marines received administrative punishments for what was described as misconduct, and one Air Force member was cleared. Three of the soldiers declined the administrative punishments and have requested courts martial, which would give them a public trial to contest the charges.

Col. Greg Julian, spokesman for U.S. Southern Command, said only that the matter is still under investigation.

In a letter to Sen. Carl Levin, chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee, Sullivan said that Hawley "is unjustifiably suffering the collateral damage from the misconduct of the Secret Service." He said that "despite being a decorated war hero and the fact that he is not facing any criminal charges ... Hawley has been banished to washing windows and picking weeds at his command."

The military would not confirm Monday what Hawley's duties are or where he is.

According to Sullivan, Hawley, an explosive ordnance disposal technician, has deployed to Iraq four times. Sullivan said Hawley's promotion to chief petty officer has been delayed, he's been stripped of his top-secret security clearance and fired from his explosive ordnance disposal job.

The Navy said Hawley, 33, has received three Navy achievement medals, including one with valor, and another combat action ribbon. He enlisted in July 2000.

A dozen U.S. service members were investigated for bringing women, likely prostitutes, to their hotel rooms in Colombia shortly before President Barack Obama arrived in the country for an April summit, according to the military's investigation. The investigator's report described the misconduct as consisting "almost exclusively of patronizing prostitutes and adultery."

The scandal erupted after a public dispute over payment between a U.S. Secret Service agent and a prostitute at a Cartagena hotel spilled over into the hallway of the Hotel Caribe. The Secret Service and the military were in the Colombian coastal resort to prepare for Obama's participation in a Latin American summit. Twelve Secret Service employees were implicated. Of those, eight have been ousted, three were cleared of serious misconduct and at least two employees are fighting to get their jobs back.

U.S. Southern Command, headed by Gen. Douglas Fraser, conducted the investigation into the military members' involvement in the April incident. Officials there had no explanation for why the investigation into the two sailors is taking so long.

The military investigation said that evidence substantiating the wrongdoing in the other cases included hotel log books, security camera video and statements from the prostitutes and military members.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/sailors-await-resolution-prostitution-scandal-213535137.html

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Monday, October 1, 2012

Obama camp plays down debate expectations (cbsnews)

Share With Friends: Share on FacebookTweet ThisPost to Google-BuzzSend on GmailPost to Linked-InSubscribe to This Feed | Rss To Twitter | Politics - Top Stories News, RSS and RSS Feed via Feedzilla.

Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/252242004?client_source=feed&format=rss

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How the mafia is destroying the rainforests

It's not as glamorous as cocaine or diamonds, but the illegal logging industry has become very attractive to criminal organisations over the past decade. A new report finds that up to 90 per cent of tropical deforestation can be attributed to organised crime, which controls up to 30 per cent of the global timber trade.

For years, environmental regulators thought that illegal logging was decreasing worldwide. But they were just looking in the wrong places, says Christian Nelleman, author of the 27 September report from the United Nations Environment Programme .

Import and export records don't tell the whole truth, he says. When the report's authors factored in the impact of sophisticated concealment techniques of the kind used by drug cartels, they discovered that rates of illegal logging have actually been rising. The criminals have become simply better at hiding their tracks. Common ploys include forging permits, hacking trade databases, bribing officials, concealing timber's true origin, and hiding illegal timber amid legal stocks.

International crime organisations that get involved in the timber trade bring considerable resources and expertise. They are attracted by both the profits and the low risk of being caught: shipping timber, unlike ivory or drugs, is not illegal.

"What we're shocked about is the sheer scale of timber that goes unaccounted for," Nelleman says. In 2008, for instance, Indonesia officially exported 18.6 million more cubic metres of wood than in 2000. This additional wood ostensibly came from legal plantations, but most of these turned out to be bogus. Loggers simply cut down forests instead.

Against this sort of enemy, what can be done? In June, Interpol established a pilot programme called Law Enforcement Assistance for Forests (LEAF). It will attempt to coordinate the efforts of police and intelligence agencies to fight illegal timber internationally.

"There will be more emphasis on catching the ringleaders and the mafia behind them," says Nelleman.

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Analysts lower estimates for Apple?s December quarter due to shortages of iPhone 5

News

After complaining that Apple hadn?t shipped as many iPhone 5 units in the first weekend of sales as they had expected, now analysts are starting to get so nervous about Apple?s ability to supply enough iPhone 5 stock and have reduced their financial forecasts for Apple?s next quarter.

Traditionally Apple?s best quarter is its fiscal first quarter that ends on December 31 (benefiting from Christmas shopping), however, UBS analyst Steve Milunovich has lowered his expectations for the quarter, citing continued signs of tight supplies for the iPhone 5.

Milunovich claims that checks with the supply chain suggest that there are iPhone 5 supply issues.

The problem, as was noted by Barclays Capital analyst Ben Reitzes, is that manufacturing yields for the in-cell displays that the device uses are too low.

Milunovich had forecast 44 million iPhone 5 sales for the December quarter, he now sees sales of 38 million units, according to a Forbes report.

However, notes the report, Milunovich doesn?t see the Apple Maps issue as a ?material change in the long-term story?.

Apple is closed yesterday at US$681.32, up from US$665.18 the day before, but down from its high of $702.91 on 18 September.

Source: http://www.macworld.com.au/news/analyst-lowers-expectations-for-apples-december-quarter-due-to-shortages-of-iphone-5-74518/

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Researchers discover gene that causes deafness

Researchers discover gene that causes deafness [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 30-Sep-2012
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Contact: Katie Pence
katie.pence@uc.edu
513-558-4561
University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center

CINCINNATIResearchers at the University of Cincinnati (UC) and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have found a new genetic mutation responsible for deafness and hearing loss associated with Usher syndrome type 1.

These findings, published in the Sept. 30 advance online edition of the journal Nature Genetics, could help researchers develop new therapeutic targets for those at risk for this syndrome.

Partners in the study included the National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), Baylor College of Medicine and the University of Kentucky.

Usher syndrome is a genetic defect that causes deafness, night-blindness and a loss of peripheral vision through the progressive degeneration of the retina.

"In this study, researchers were able to pinpoint the gene which caused deafness in Usher syndrome type 1 as well as deafness that is not associated with the syndrome through the genetic analysis of 57 humans from Pakistan and Turkey," says Zubair Ahmed, PhD, assistant professor of ophthalmology who conducts research at Cincinnati Children's and is the lead investigator on this study.

Ahmed says that a protein, called CIB2, which binds to calcium within a cell, is associated with deafness in Usher syndrome type 1 and non-syndromic hearing loss.

"To date, mutations affecting CIB2 are the most common and prevalent genetic cause of non-syndromic hearing loss in Pakistan," he says. "However, we have also found another mutation of the protein that contributes to deafness in Turkish populations.

"In animal models, CIB2 is found in the mechanosensory stereocilia of the inner earhair cells, which respond to fluid motion and allow hearing and balance, and in retinal photoreceptor cells, which convert light into electrical signals in the eye, making it possible to see," says Saima Riazuddin, PhD, assistant professor in UC's department of otolaryngology who conducts research at Cincinnati Children's and is co-lead investigator on the study.

Researchers found that CIB2 staining is often brighter at shorter row stereocilia tips than the neighboring stereocilia of a longer row, where it may be involved in calcium signaling that regulates mechano-electrical transduction, a process by which the ear converts mechanical energyor energy of motioninto a form of energy that the brain can recognize as sound.

"With this knowledge, we are one step closer to understanding the mechanism of mechano-electrical transduction and possibly finding a genetic target to prevent non-syndromic deafness as well as that associated with Usher syndrome type 1," Ahmed says.

###

Other researchers involved in the study include Thomas Friedman, PhD, and Inna Belyantseva, MD, PhD, from the NIDCD; Suzanne Leal, PhD, and her team at Baylor; and Gregory Frolenkov, PhD, and his team at the University of Kentucky.

This study was funded by the NIDCD, the National Science Foundation and the Research to Prevent Blindness Foundation.



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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Researchers discover gene that causes deafness [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 30-Sep-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Katie Pence
katie.pence@uc.edu
513-558-4561
University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center

CINCINNATIResearchers at the University of Cincinnati (UC) and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have found a new genetic mutation responsible for deafness and hearing loss associated with Usher syndrome type 1.

These findings, published in the Sept. 30 advance online edition of the journal Nature Genetics, could help researchers develop new therapeutic targets for those at risk for this syndrome.

Partners in the study included the National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), Baylor College of Medicine and the University of Kentucky.

Usher syndrome is a genetic defect that causes deafness, night-blindness and a loss of peripheral vision through the progressive degeneration of the retina.

"In this study, researchers were able to pinpoint the gene which caused deafness in Usher syndrome type 1 as well as deafness that is not associated with the syndrome through the genetic analysis of 57 humans from Pakistan and Turkey," says Zubair Ahmed, PhD, assistant professor of ophthalmology who conducts research at Cincinnati Children's and is the lead investigator on this study.

Ahmed says that a protein, called CIB2, which binds to calcium within a cell, is associated with deafness in Usher syndrome type 1 and non-syndromic hearing loss.

"To date, mutations affecting CIB2 are the most common and prevalent genetic cause of non-syndromic hearing loss in Pakistan," he says. "However, we have also found another mutation of the protein that contributes to deafness in Turkish populations.

"In animal models, CIB2 is found in the mechanosensory stereocilia of the inner earhair cells, which respond to fluid motion and allow hearing and balance, and in retinal photoreceptor cells, which convert light into electrical signals in the eye, making it possible to see," says Saima Riazuddin, PhD, assistant professor in UC's department of otolaryngology who conducts research at Cincinnati Children's and is co-lead investigator on the study.

Researchers found that CIB2 staining is often brighter at shorter row stereocilia tips than the neighboring stereocilia of a longer row, where it may be involved in calcium signaling that regulates mechano-electrical transduction, a process by which the ear converts mechanical energyor energy of motioninto a form of energy that the brain can recognize as sound.

"With this knowledge, we are one step closer to understanding the mechanism of mechano-electrical transduction and possibly finding a genetic target to prevent non-syndromic deafness as well as that associated with Usher syndrome type 1," Ahmed says.

###

Other researchers involved in the study include Thomas Friedman, PhD, and Inna Belyantseva, MD, PhD, from the NIDCD; Suzanne Leal, PhD, and her team at Baylor; and Gregory Frolenkov, PhD, and his team at the University of Kentucky.

This study was funded by the NIDCD, the National Science Foundation and the Research to Prevent Blindness Foundation.



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-09/uoca-rdg092712.php

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